nginx实现动静分离实例讲解
为了加快网站的解析速度，可以把动态页面和静态页面由不同的服务器来解析，加快解析速度。降低原 来单个服务器的压力。 简单来说，就是使用正则表达式匹配过滤，然后交个不同的服务器。
1、准备环境
准备一个nginx代理 两个http 分别处理动态和静态。
1.配置编译安装的nginx为反向代理upstream；
upstream static {
server 10.0.105.196:80 weight=1 max_fails=1 fail_timeout=60s;
}
upstream php {
server 10.0.105.200:80 weight=1 max_fails=1 fail_timeout=60s;
}
server {
listen server_name
#动态资源加载
80;
localhost
location ~ \.(php|jsp)$ { proxy_pass http://phpserver;
proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
#静态资源加载
location ~ \.(html|jpg|png|css|js)$ { proxy_pass http://static; proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
}
静态资源配置---10.0.105.196
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location ~ \.(html|jpg|png|js|css)$ { root /var/www/nginx;
}
}
上传图片
动态资源配置: 10.0.105.200
yum 安装php7.1
[root@nginx-server ~]#rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/epel- release.rpm
[root@nginx-server ~]#rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic- release.rpm
[root@nginx-server ~]#yum install php71w-xsl php71w php71w-ldap php71w-cli php71w-common php71w-devel php71w-gd php71w-pdo php71w-mysql php71w-mbstring php71w-bcmath php71w-mcrypt -y
[root@nginx-server ~]#yum install -y php71w-fpm [root@nginx-server ~]#systemctl start php-fpm [root@nginx-server ~]#systemctl enable php-fpm
编辑nginx的配置文件:
[root@nginx-server ~]# cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/ [root@nginx-server conf.d]# vim phpserver.conf server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost; location ~ \.php$ {
root /home/nginx/html; #指定网站目录
fastcgi_pass fastcgi_index fastcgi_param
#站点根目录，取决于root配置项
include
}
}
127.0.0.1:9000; #指定访问地址
index.php;
#指定默认文件
SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_params; #包含nginx常量定义
当访问静态页面的时候location 匹配到 (html|jpg|png|js|css) 通过转发到静态服务器，静态服务通过
location的正则匹配来处理请求。
当访问动态页面时location匹配到 .\php 结尾的文件转发到后端php服务处理请求。
知识点扩展：
通过请求分离
[root@lb01 conf]# vim nginx.conf
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
upstream stack_pools {
server 172.25.254.134:80 weight=5;
}
upstream dynamic_pools {
server 172.25.254.135:80 weight=5;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.lbtest.com;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_pass http://dynamic_pools;
}
location /image/ {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_pass http://stack_pools;
}
location /dynamic/ {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_pass http://dynamic_pools;
}
}
}
[root@lb01 conf]# nginx -s reload
根据扩展名分离
[root@lb01 conf]# vim nginx.conf
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
upstream stack_pools {
server 172.25.254.134:80 weight=5;
}
upstream dynamic_pools {
server 172.25.254.135:80 weight=5;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.lbtest.com;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_pass http://dynamic_pools;
}
location ~ .*.(jpg|png|gif|css|js|swf|bmp|jsp|php|asp)$ {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_pass http://stack_pools;
}
}
}
[root@lb01 conf]# nginx -s reload
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